ABSTRACT: Fever is a consequence of an immune process that is initiated internally by an infection or endogenous process such as a collagen vascular disease. Understanding the aspects and historical nature of the fever can help in determining a process for intervention. Utilizing criteria may be helpful for infants, but most decisions are based on the clinical likelihood of bacterial disease versus viral disease. Addressing “fever phobia” in caregivers and school personnel may be the most difficult hurdle, but it should be discussed early during well-child visits.

The sleep duration of young people has declined over the last 100 years, and numerous problems have been linked to this decline, including poor academic performance, a lack of coordination, and increased aggression, hyperactivity, and obesity.¹ This decrease in total sleep has been attributed to later bedtimes rather than earlier wake times. Electronic media use immediately before sleep has been hypothesized to affect sleep patterns through time displacement, depression of melatonin, and cognitive arousal.¹ This study aimed to describe the most popular activities in the 90-minute period before sleep onset in preadolescents and adolescents. It also examined the relationship between presleep activity and sleep onset, particularly as it relates to electronic media use.

Examples of lumps and bumps in children are presented and discussed in this photo essay.